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Calandrella rufescens (Lesser Short-toed Lark)


English: Lesser Short-toed Lark, Common Short-toed lark, Lesser Sand Lark 
Russian: Серый жаворонок
Mongolian: Орог жиргэмэл, Орог бор бялзуумар
German: Stummellerche

French:  Alouette pispolette 

Japanese:  コヒバリ(Ko-hibari)

Body length: 13-14 ½ cm. Breeds on dry plains (clay), by salt pans and on desert-like steppe. Mainly resident, but eastern populations migrate to Middle East.

Identification: Small, usually fractionally smaller than Short-toed Lark (but some eastern races equal in size), greyer and more evenly streaked. Best separated by: streaked breast (incl. centre of breast, recalling dwarf Skylark); shorter tertials (ending 10-15 min short of wing-tip); shorter, more bulbous bill; and voice. Often ‘cute-looking’ from rounded head shape, small bill and wide pale eye-ring. Supercilium is usually less obvious. Chee finely streaked. Song-flight often drifting around with fluttering wingbeats and partly spread tail, in suitable winds now and then shifting to clearly slower wingbeats (never seen from Short-toed). Marked geographical variation: Birds of Spain small and rather grey-brown, breast heavily streaked, flanks streaked, too. Birds in S Middle East and N Africa (minor) and in the Canaries small but brown, less greyish, streaking of breast fine, flanks unstreaked. Birds of E Europe (heinei) and Turkey (aharonii) large and greyish, breast finely or diffusely streaked, flanks faintly streaked.

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